Abstract
In the years to its independence leaders and people of Malaysia has aware about the importance convened a national education system to replace the colonial education system to meet the needs of the country. Born in mind this is a Basic Education (Education) by National Razak Report 1956 and enacted in the Education Ordinance, 1957. Education policy was revised in 1960 which resulted in the Rahman Talib Report. Rahman Talib Report is then articulated in the Education Act, 1961.
Then, a Cabinet Committee was established in 1974 to review education policy in order to improve its implementation so that the aim of producing a unified and disciplined society and meet the energy needs of the people who are trained to national development can be achieved. The committee report was published in 1979.
Introduction
Education in Malaysia is overseen by two government ministries: the Ministry of Education for matters up to the secondary level, and the Ministry of Higher Education for tertiary education. Although education is the responsibility of the federal government, each state has an Education Department to help coordinate educational matters in their respective states. The main legislation governing education is the Education Act of 1996.
Education may be obtained from government-sponsored schools, private schools, or through homeschooling. By law, primary education is compulsory. As in other Asian countries such as Korea and Japan, standardised tests are a common feature. Policy in Malaysia is designed generally upon the requirement of the political and social structure and the future demand of the nations as a whole. Since Malaysian community is a multi-ethnic society; therefore, any public policy formulation has to be carefully studied by taking into consideration many factors such as political, social and economic factors to give an acceptable norm of satisfaction among its citizen. Therefore, this term paper will briefly explain the influence of all these factors that eventually set up the current education policy in Malaysia.
Malaysia is one of the world's fastest growing economic regions, a rapidly growing nation in the heart of South East Asia. Within a span of two decades, it has succeeded in bringing about socioeconomic transformation of the society; from its architecture to its lifestyle, the Malaysian character speaks of a comfortable coexistence of its ethnic, cultural as well as religious diversity that continues to be a part of this country's charm and practical reality.
Malaysia's Vision 2020 steers the nation towards becoming a fully developed and industrialized country, a democratic society that is strong in religious and spiritual values, a society that is liberal and tolerant, scientific and progressive, innovative and forward looking. This goal is reflected in the mission of the Ministry of Education, that is: "To develop a world class quality education system which will realize the full potential of the individual and fulfill the aspiration of the Malaysian nation."
Education has provided a solid platform for country's political as well as economic stability with a view to establishing Malaysia as a regional center for academic excellence and turning education into a top quality export .
Objective
The objective of this policy is stated in the Introduction to the Education Act, 1961. It is
" the education policy as declared in the Education Ordinance, 1957 is to establish an educational system that will meet the needs of the country and encourage the development of cultural, social, economic, and political ..." This objective is stated in general, but in so doing, the Ministry of Education, according to the Razak Report 1956 and the Rahman Talib Report 1960, has been interpret it as uniting the school children of various races and provides labor ("labor of the people," a term used by the Cabinet Committee Report ) for the needs of the economy.
Further, these objectives was create when the Cabinet Committee was established and set terms of reference. This reflects the intention that the Education Policy is expected to meet the energy needs of the people of this country in the short and long term and create a society that united, disciplined and well trained.
National Education Philosophy which is based on the wishes and aspirations of the country and stated in writing the recent emphasis on human effort to build the knowledge and morals, balanced and harmonious, which can reach well-being and to contribute to the betterment of society and the nation. This is a key objective of the national education system.
Result and data analysis
Method :Questioner survey
Quetion 1
When Education Policy was created?
In this question,62% of the people in malaysia answer year 1957, 12% of the people in malaysia answer year 1958. 13% of the people in malaysia answer year 1956. 13% of the people in malaysia answer year 1963.
Qustion 2
Do you understand about Education Policy in Malaysia?
In this question ,there only has 2 choice that is yes or no. 62% has answer yes and 38% has answer no.So,the percentage of the people understand about this Education Policy is higher it is 62%.
Qustion 3
How much objective in Education Policy in Malaysia?
In this question,59% of the people in malaysia answer there is have 1 objective in Education Policy. ,39% of the people in malaysia answer there is have 2 objective in Education Policy. ,0% of the people in malaysia answer there is have 3 objective in Education Policy. ,2% of the people in malaysia answer there is have 4 objective in Education Policy.
Qustion 4
Do you think the Education Policy is effective to country?
In this question ,there only has 2 choice that is yes or no. 75% has answer yes and 28% has answer no.So,the percentage that the people agree that this Education Policy is effective to country is highter than the percentage that do not agree that Education Policy is effective to country.
Qustion 5
When "Rancangan Kurikulum Baru Sekolah Rendah (KBSR)" was created?
In this question,67% of the people in malaysia answer "Rancangan Kurikulum Baru Sekolah Rendah (KBSR)" was created at year 1974. 16% of the people in malaysia answer "Rancangan Kurikulum Baru Sekolah Rendah (KBSR)" was created at year 1983.17% of the people in malaysia answer "Rancangan Kurikulum Baru Sekolah Rendah (KBSR)" was created at year 1985 and no people in malaysia answer "Rancangan Kurikulum Baru Sekolah Rendah (KBSR)" was created at year 1974.
Conclusion:
Education reformation between countries may be different due to the characteristics of the nation, political and socio-economic establishment within one state. Hence, any kind of proposals on reforming education system in Malaysia has to be justifiable within the scope of the main vision of the country; in another word, the national policy. One way to collaborate is to proceed along the line with the vision of the country that has already been accepted by the whole nation and through structurally effective government machinery that has main players (the actors) to formulate and implement the policy effectively and efficiently.
Refferences:
2)http://azman97.tripod.com/essay8.html
3)1.pdfhttp://pmr.penerangan.gov.my/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=242:dasar-pendidikan-kebangsaan&catid=88:dasar-dasar-negara
4)http://www.directessays.com/viewpaper/16587.html
